Quantum mechanics
The mathematical formulations of quantum mechanics are abstract. Similarly, the implications are often non-intuitive in terms of classic physics. The centerpiece of the mathematical system is the wavefunction . The wavefunction is a mathematical function providing information about the probability
Introduction to quantum mechanics
phenomena. Coming to terms with these limitations of classical physics led to the development of quantum mechanics in the early decades of the 20th century, a major revolution in physical theory. Much of the universe on the largest scale does not neatly conform to classical physics , because
Quantum field theory
In perturbative quantum field theory, the forces between particles are mediated by other particles. The electromagnetic force between two electrons is caused by an exchange of photons . Intermediate vector bosons mediate the weak force and gluons mediate the strong force . There is currently
Matrix mechanics
Matrix mechanics was the first complete and correct definition of quantum mechanics . It extended the Bohr Model by describing how the quantum jumps occur. It did so by interpreting the physical properties of particles as matrices that evolve in time. It is equivalent to the Schrödinger
de Broglie-Bohm theory
The de Broglie-Bohm theory or Bohm or Bohmian interpretation of quantum mechanics , which Bohm called the causal , or later, the ontological interpretation , is an interpretation postulated by David Bohm in 1952 as an alternative to the standard Copenhagen interpretation . The Bohm interpretation
Albert Einstein
explained the Brownian motion of molecules, the photon theory and the wave-particle duality , the quantum theory of atomic motion in solids , the zero-point energy concept, the semi-classical version of the Schrödinger equation , and the quantum theory of a monatomic gas which predicted
Interpretations of quantum mechanics
An interpretation of quantum mechanics is a set of statements which attempt to explain how quantum mechanics informs our understanding of nature . Although quantum mechanics has received thorough experimental testing, many of these experiments are open to different interpretations
De Broglie–Bohm theory
The de Broglie–Bohm theory , also called the pilot-wave theory , Bohmian mechanics , and the causal interpretation , is an interpretation of quantum theory . As in quantum theory, it contains a wavefunction - a function on the space of all possible configurations. Additionally, it also
Photon
In physics , a photon is an elementary particle , the quantum of the electromagnetic interaction and the basic unit of light and all other forms of electromagnetic radiation . It is also the force carrier for the electromagnetic force . The effects of this force are easily observable
Wave–particle duality
like atoms and even molecules. In fact, according to traditional formulations of non-relativistic quantum mechanics , wave–particle duality applies to all objects, even macroscopic ones; but because of their small wavelengths, the wave properties of macroscopic objects cannot be detected
